ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of dental caries and DMFT score among the patients visiting out-patient department ofLiaquat Medical University Hospital. This was cross sectional study conducted at the Liaquat Medical University Hospital. The minimum sample size calculated was 278. Oral examination was carried out using mouth mirror and a blunt ball-ended probe on the dental chair using artificial light. The results showed that there were 57.2% male and 42.8% female. The prevalence of dental caries was 60.4%.The mean DMFT score was 2.10 with Standard Deviation 2.11. 59.5% caries was present in male and 40.5% caries was present in female, the male patients were more affected than female showed insignificant results. Male and female patients had mean DMFT score 1.26 with a Standard Deviation [SD] 0.449 and 1.39 with a Standard Deviation [SD] 0.493 respectively. It was concluded that the prevalence of dental caries and DMFT score is higher in the selected study population so for prevention and control of dental caries continuing dental health education programs should be emphasized for general population as a whole
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to evaluate the plaque score and gingival health status among 6-12 years old school children. This cross sectional study was done from 15th July to 10th August 2014 among the students of Matiari [Rural Area] and Hirabad Hyderabad [Urban Area]. Schools were selected on convenient basis. Age ranged from six to twelve years and only boys were included in the study. All clinical dental examinations were conducted in schools with mouth mirror and explorer in the day light. Plaque index and gingival index developed by Loe and Silness were used for each student to record the plaque score and gingival condition. The plaque disclosing tablet [Eviplac Pastilhas; Biodinamicas TM], was used to identify the plaque score. All the students were asked about routine oral hygiene procedures. Data were analyzed in statistical package for social sciences [SPSS] version 16. Quantitative variables are presented in percentages. Mean and standard deviations were computed for qualitative variables. Chi-square test and independent sample t-test were applied to see the significant association. Total one hundred seventy six school children were included in this study; ninety six were from rural area and eighty from urban area. The mean age was 15.85 +/- 7.773. The gingivitis was seen in 80.7% students. Gingivitis was more in the rural children than from urban areas which was statistically not significant. The mean plaque score was 39.63 +/- 19.15 in present study. The independent sample T-test analysis revealed no significant difference between rural and urban students. Gum bleeding was more common in rural school students which is statistically significant. It is concluded that there was a higher gingival inflammation in present study population. Urban students had good gingival condition and low mean plaque score than rural students. Mild type of gingivitis was more common in rural students
ABSTRACT
The objective was to evaluate pain experience of the patient after administration of local anesthesia in symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with and without pre-medication Patients were diagnosed after taking medical and dental history, clinical examination, thermal tests and by taking radio-graphs. One hundred patients formed the study group. They were divided into two groups of fifty each, Group-A patients were given oral medication [Midazolan, Dormicum 7.5mg] and inferior dental nerve Block, while Group-B patients were given only Inferior Alveolar Nerve [IAN] Block [1.8 ml cartridge-1:100000 epinephrine] of Xylestesin-S [ESPE-Germany] without any pre-medication. Pre-operative pain of patients of both groups was recorded on Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] i.e: 0= no pain, 10 = most severe pain. [VAS 0>10] Group-A patients were given anesthesia 45 minutes after pre medication while Group-B, patients were treated routinely after administrating inferior dental nerve Block block. In group A [40% showed no pain, 44% mild pain, 12% moderate pain and 4% suffered severe pain n=50] while in group B [20% showed no pain, 50% mild pain, 20% moderate pain and 10% suffered from severe pain after the procedure was done. It was concluded that the patients who had received sedation, prior to anesthesia showed better results